Answer Key for Effective Writing Essay Example for Free

Answer Key for Effective Writing Essay School purchasers may make copies for use by their staff and students. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. 1 198 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Any websites referred to in this publication are in the public domain and their addresses are provided by Oxford University Press for information only. Oxford University Press disclaims any responsibility for the content. oxford and o xford english are registered trademarks of Oxford University Press Executive Publisher: Janet Aitchison Senior Acquisitions Editor: Pietro Alongi Associate Editor: Scott Allan Wallick Art Director: Maj-Britt Hagsted Production Manager: Shanta Persaud Production Controller: Eve Wong  © Oxford University Press 2007 isbn: 978- 0-19-430884-7 Database right Oxford University Press (maker) Effective Academic Writing 3: Answer Key an engineer . Both my mother and father were born in different countries, so my relatives are scattered all over the world . I really like traveling and have been to Europe and Asia . Although we try to get together for important occasions, this was the first time everyone could attend . Most importantly, my good friends had never met my relatives . Developing good friendships takes a lot of work . Watching them all dancing, laughing, and having a wonderful time will stay in my memory forever . The band we hired played music that the guests loved and we danced for hours .

Shakespeares Hamlet and the Devil Essay -- GCSE English Literature Co

   Hamlet and the Devil  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Hamlet, for reasons of trepidation chooses not to kill Claudius, his nemesis, in the altar room. This fatal procrastination results in the unnecessary deaths of Laertes, Ophelia, Gertrude, and Hamlet himself. This casts a most inauspicious light upon Hamlet, but only if the original premise is true. The obverse side of the argument is that Hamlet, because he desires all those who are in league with Claudius to suffer the same ignominious fate that his father suffers. Thus he delays his revenge in order to intensify the misery of the other characters. This also casts a most inauspicious light upon Hamlet, but only if the general premise of the book is true, that Hamlet is the hero and is not enslaved to evil. That general premise is false. For even the Prince admits that he may be under the thrall of the Devil, who is able to â€Å"assume a pleasing shape† and is â€Å"very potent with such spirits [of melancholy]†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first victim to fall under Hamlet’s preternatural wrath is Polonius. Hamlet, in rage that someone is spying on him, deliberately thrusts his sword for a mortal kill. When he discovers that it is Polonius, he shrugs and is not bothered in the least by it. Even though it appears that Hamlet is a ruthless murderer, Polonius is not totally blameless. Polonius, because he wishes to gain the favor of the new king by proving his own worth, is determined to find the reason for Hamlet’s madness. He thus spies on Hamlet and even forbids his daughter to see her. His connection to Claudius, and his spidery machinations are reasons for his downfall.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  &nbs... ...nection with Claudius deserves to die and painfully if possible. Each character exhibits a tragic flaw that is fatal. Although it may seem unfair, Hamlet is the ultimate arbiter of life and death in the play.   Because Hamlet is possessed by the Devil, he chooses to let Fate decide what happens. Thus Fate/Devil tells him to duel with Laertes. This is the first step of the beginning of the end. Hamlet and Laertes both are fatally wounded, the Queen is poisoned, and finally the King is poisoned and stabbed. Instead of only killing the King, Hamlet directly and indirectly kills everyone. Only Horatio is not affected, for he remains true with Hamlet even to the very end when he tries to poison himself in order to accompany his prince to death. Horatio is the epitome of fidelity, even his stoic nature melts away when he witnesses the poignancy of the tragedy of Hamlet.

Greek Empire and the Renaissance: Shaping the New World

Other pull factors such as ideas of political, economic, and social freedom along with trade and exploration of nations hat were an inherent part of the European Renaissance lead to the questioning the Catholic Church and its powers over the people, which ultimately led to the desire for a new place to practice these freedoms. The Greek Empire reached its political peak as a result of simple trial and error. Originally, they began as a monarchy, developed into an oligarchy, and finally advanced into what is now known as the first form of democracy, or power of the people.They strongly believed that in order to be a strong, united, successful nation that there had to be an educated electorate, which eater became the central idea of what the founding fathers established this newly emerging nation on: an idea of freedom. The Greek, much like America later on, were split up into different social classes: slaves, non-slaves, men, and women. Women in Greece were not entitled to a social li fe, much less a voice in politics, bit rather picked up their social status along with everything else from their husbands. Likewise, the Roman Empire played a critical role in the discovery and foundation of the New World.The Romans were the strongest, largest Empire throughout history due to heir advancement in technology, their form of government which was even able to withstand a weak leader, and their their powerful military which enabled them to conquer many nations, expanding the empire further than any other, spanning from Turkey to England. As a result of the fall of the Roman Empire, the entirety of Europe experienced two to three-hundred years of little to no progress and religious conflict. During this time, art and culture was being lost and the only knowledge left was what survived in the monasteries; education was scarce.This period was known as the Dark Ages, also known as the Early Middle Ages, which then led to the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a rebirth of clas sical learning. Everything that was lost and forgotten during the Dark Ages was coming to light. During this time, European people gained a sense of hope and individualism rather than tradition. People began thinking for themselves for the first time in hundreds of years and began to explore art, music, drama, philosophy, and most importantly exploration of the world and questioning of the Catholic Church's authority over the people.For example, â€Å"The Roman Catholic Church taught that an individual could gain favor with God by what were called â€Å"good works†. [Martin] Luther believed that he, as a sinner, was condemned in the eyes of God and that nothing could help him. Despite doing many good works, Luther found no peace of mind†¦ Lather's main complaint against the Catholic Church was that it was supporting a system that left sinners in sin – and this was the institution that was meant to save lost souls !!†¦ In October 1517, Luther pinned his †Å"95 Theses† to a church door in Wattenberg. â€Å"(â€Å"Martin Luther. ) When our nodding fathers designed what was the foundation of our country, they brought ideas such as democracy from the Greek Empire and similar social practices such as the split classes. Likewise, practices such as religious freedom, intellect, and art, developed during the Renaissance, were influences that shaped the New World in a powerful way. During a time of desperation for freedom and a fresh start, founding fathers brought the strongest ideas from significant civilizations and time periods in European history, which essentially shaped what we know as the New World.

Is Plato s The Republic Essay - 1134 Words

Throughout the history of the world, many pieces of literature have been written in which many messages can be extracted to help an individual understand themselves, as well as the world around them. Some of the most common examples of these texts are religious texts. According to Steven Ward, when discussing some of the most important religious texts in history, â€Å"...many of which had a major influence on the future course of history and many of which continue to shape the lives of millions of people worldwide.† The ways in which these texts influenced people in the past, as well as continue to influence people, are through the messages which they portray. Although religious tet are well known for their life altering messages, other texts can also have similar influences on people. One such text is Plato’s The Republic. As said by Professor Jon Dorbolo of Oregon State University, â€Å"The Republic is considered by many to be Plato s masterwork. It certainly is on e of the most important texts of political theory.† While reading this text, several different messages begin to reveal themselves throughout the text. Some of the most important ideas that can be found within Plato’s Republic, include, humans are inherently good, people should perform tasks that they are good at, and his definition of justice. A multitude of messages can be withdrawn through a reading of Plato’s Republic, one of which is his idea that humans are inherently good. While discussing recent developments inShow MoreRelatedThe Republic Of Plato s Republic865 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernments, ideal cities and even ideal rulers over the course of the semester, from Aristotle’s Politics to the city described in the Melian dialogue, there is one that undoubtedly left a greater on me than the other- the city described in Plato’s Republic. From Plato’s remarkably feminist ideals and vague sense of barebones socialism, there’s a l ot in this city that I hypothetically would throw my support behind. This is not to say that I think that this is the â€Å"best† option of the cities that weRead MoreThe Republic Of Plato s Republic893 Words   |  4 PagesPlato’s Republic Plato aims to show from book 1 that justice has intrinsic value to itself, that it gives one a more satisfying pursuit of life. In book I, he retorts Thrasymachus account that justice is the advantage of the stronger. Initially this makes sense that if justice were defined by state law, then the entirety of nations, differing in laws, would be unified by the principle of rule by force, in which the strong create the law. They would do so to suit their own specific needsRead MorePlato And Plato s Republic1119 Words   |  5 PagesThe ancient Greek Philosopher Plato had an interest in finding the ideal government. In Plato’s Republic, he discusses his ideas and views of how this ideal government would function. He believed that people are born into 3 different classes, with different responsibilities (Plato 415a). Only people in the â€Å"golden† class were fit to rule. The most effective of these rulers would be philosophers, as they have knowledge of the good of the whole (Plato 473d). This system seems too perfect for me. IRead MoreComparing Plato s Republic, The Philosopher And Plato965 Words   |  4 PagesIn Plato s Republic, the philosopher is sitting having a discussion with his fellow peers and friends. During this conversation each character except Plato offers their opening and reasoning on the question, what is justice. For the majority of the book Plato outlines almost every aspect of his ideal city. Within this city Plato has set up many rules in order for the city to remain just. All the way from mating rituals to who should rule, virtually all factors have been thought of and serves a specificRead MoreThe Life Of Plato s The Republic1340 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the early books of Plato’s The Republic, Socrates and his interlocutors Adeimantus, Polemarchus, Glaucon, Thrasymachus, and to a lesser extent Cephalus, explore what it means to be just and why justice is preferable to injustice. This topic was brought up in a monologue from Cephalus, who is an old patriarch that represents Greek tradition and thus offers a traditional view of j ustice. One by one, all of the interlocutors attempt to define justice, with Socrates disagreeing with at leastRead MoreAnalysis of Plato ´s Republic974 Words   |  4 PagesRepublic, perhaps Plato’s most famous work focusing on justice and its values, is also home to Socrates’ unique ideas and the challenges that he faces throughout his dialogues with other philosophers. Nevertheless, justice is not the only topic that Plato examines in his work. In the Republic, a simple discussion of the justice and the different characteristics of cities, escalates into a discussion about the souls of individuals. Socrates starts out by offering an agreement to the fact that sinceRead MoreComparing Plato s The Republic957 Words   |  4 Pagesrulers change their ways as well as do what they can for the good of their people. In Plato’s The Republic, the character Socrates argues with his peers about what makes the perfect society, as well as the perfect leader. According to Plato, the wisest choice for a ruler in a near perfect society is a philosopher, containing multiple important attributes. A wide variety of characteristics are covered, yet Plato seems to focus in on several key foundations. Plato’s views on essential traits of a philosopherRead MorePlato s Republic As A Guide883 Words   |  4 PagesLet me tell you about â€Å"the perfect republic.† First, I’ll describe it to you using Plato’s Republic as a guide. Then, I’ll explain whether it is better to live in Plato’s republic or in a timarchy, oligarchy, democracy, or a tyranny. Plato’s books create an ideal city where there are the producers (farmers, craftsmen, etc.), the auxiliaries, also known as the warriors, and the guardians, they are the rulers of this city. Each of these groups must perform its job, and only that one job, and eachRead MoreAristotle s Ethics And Plato s The Republic892 Words   |  4 Pagesabout ancient Gods to more in depth works such as Ethics or The Bible. All of these works show serious teachings about multiple things such as justice, Gods, and philosophy. In my paper, I am going to discuss the concepts of Aristotle s Ethics and Plato s The Republic in order to hopefully achieve whether or not the ideas that have stuck out to me, are true or not. In the book Ethics, by Aristotle, plenty of concepts have stuck out to me, and made me think quite a bit. One of the ideas that stickRead MorePlato s The Republic And Aristotle933 Words   |  4 PagesPlato’s The Republic and Aristotle’s The Politics are two classic texts in ancient Greek political thought. Although Plato taught Aristotle, the two philosophers had differing viewpoints on many subjects, one of them being the purpose of political rule. Plato believed that the purpose of political rule is to allow for the manifestation of a just city where both the city and its citizens are in harmony due to a specialization of roles according to individuals’ natures, whereas Aristotle believed that

The Cold War During World War II Essay - 1298 Words

The Cold War was the name given to the non-aggressive conflict between The United States and Russia that began after World War II. However, there is disagreement over the exact dates of the Cold War. Nevertheless, it took place somewhere between the end of World War II and the early 1989 (Wendt n.d). The Cold War brought about a number of crises in the decades that it lasted. These crises include: Vietnam, the Berlin Wall, and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The Cold War itself was the result of the United States and Russia having two different ideologies when it came to running their respective countries. The Soviet Union believed in Communism and Totalitarianism and promoted their beliefs through expansion. The United States on the other hand, adheres to Capitalism and Democracy. Just like the Soviet Union, the United States was committed to pushing its beliefs onto the rest of the world. However, the Cold War was not just about different political ideologies. This paper will look at the key factors in the creation of the Cold War. The trouble between the two countries started before World War II. Both The United States and Great Britain who were Capitalist countries and The Soviet Union, which was Communist began depicting the other as being evil or at the least amoral. In the case of Joseph Stalin this was probably true. Stalin was responsible for the deaths of millions of Russians during the 1930’s (The Saylor Foundation, n.d.). However, the two countries had been havingShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War During World War II930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was political hostility between the United States of America and the Soviet Union through threats, propaganda and series of warfare incidents that made these superpowers of the time suspicious of one another. With the sources of the reader I will explain who’s to be at fault for the Cold war, the United States or the Soviet Union. The term â€Å"Cold War† according to Heonik Kwon in his document origins of the Cold War â€Å"†¦ re fers to the prevailing condition of the world in the second halfRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War was not a military conflict, but was an ongoing political conflict involving both military and economic competition between two superpowers advancing rapidly wanting to be number one. The evolvement of the Cold War began during and after World War I, although the official beginning of the Cold War was in 1945, at the Yalta Conference after World War II. There were many causes of the Cold War, but can be summed up as a battle between capitalism and communism. Also, along with PresidentRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II854 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a major event in the U.S. and Soviet Union’s history. The main reason that these two countries entered into the Cold War after World War II was power. The USSR and United States had two very different perspectives on power coming out of World War II. This disagreeme nt ultimately caused the Cold War. Russia’s perspective after World War II was influenced by Joseph Stalin. Stalin, the leader of the USSR at the time, was a merciless dictator. His main concern was maintaining power andRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II1397 Words   |  6 PagesWar is the result of hate and brutality that can affect people in a negative way. The Cold War relates to the war in the Butter Battle book as it demonstrates hate, which should not be taught to kids in children s books. Conflict and competition can lead to war. The Cold War was a 45 year long rivalry between the Western powers, led by the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States formed a military base to protect them from other threats such as the Soviets. The expansion of the SovietRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II1324 Words   |  6 PagesWhen World War II ended, the last thing the countries imagined was another worldwide conflict. But that’s exactly was soon ensued when the Cold War erupted between the Eastern powers and the Western powers. The Eastern powers consisted of the Soviet Union and the Western powers consisted of America, Britain and France. During World War II, these allies had a common ground to work together in effort to fight against Hitler and the Nazi Party. The Cold War wasn’t an actual war where battles were fought;Read MoreThe Cold War During World War II Essay1632 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was a clash of culture, ideologies, and a standoff between the world s two greatest nuclear powers. The argument of the American side was based around Capitalism and a hunger for ever growing business while the Soviet Union’s was structured around Communism and it’s powerful theocracy that stated it must be spread to every country on the planet. As a result, there has been much debate about whether the U.S. initiated the Cold War through their usage of the atomic bomb in World War IIRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II1760 Words   |  8 PagesEssay One During World War II the United States and the Soviet Union were allies, but by 1950, their relationship had disintegrated and the two nations were engaged in a â€Å"Cold War.† The â€Å"Cold War† occurred due to efforts by both nations after the war to maintain influence in regions like Eastern Europe for the Soviets and Turkey and Greece for the United States, but the â€Å"Cold War† wasn’t limited to these disputes. The â€Å"Cold War† was influenced by many factors on the United States side including theRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II970 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a period of 44 years of both military and political tension after World War II. There were many ideals and events that lead to the Cold War. Nationalism, poor economic conditions, and a strong desire for democracy and human rights are the primary reasons that many believe the Cold War started. However, these are just a few of the reasons for the Cold War. Events s uch as the Yalta Conference, Truman Doctrine, Potsdam Conference, and the Marshall Plan also greatly influenced the startRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II2261 Words   |  10 PagesThe Cold War was a period of rivalry short of armed confrontation. Tensions oscillated between former allies of the World War II, Russia and America, leading to the infamous cold war. It is rather difficult to determine the starting point of the Cold War because the East-West relationship had been deteriorating since a long time due to their conflicting ideologies and aspirations. However, the circumstances required for them to form an alliance in World War II, but this friendship was short livedRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II Essay2497 Words   |  10 PagesThe Cold War was one of the most fear-inducing situations in American history. Post World War II, the superpowers of the world, namely the United States and the U.S.S.R, struggled to settle issues that arose from initiatives and re sponses after the war. These created the climate of tension and distrust between the two nations (Sibley 1). The United States held tightly to its liberal-capitalist beliefs while the Soviets â€Å"†¦professed fervent belief,† in their Marxist-Leninist ideology (Sibley 1). Many

Analysis of Alan Roger´s Evidence of Evolution - 1819 Words

Evolution has been a constantly debated topic with central importance in defining the origin of man. Creationism is still a common belief in modern society, somehow maintaining validity through assumed truth; this belief attained its popularity many years before the concept of evolution itself, yet is the main opponent of the theory of evolution. Alan Rogers, author of In Evidence for Evolution, provides thorough arguments against creationism, ranging from molecular to morphological data. He argues that many creationists use â€Å"arguments from personal incredulity,† meaning that a lack of a fathomable explanation to a question is proof of an answer. Creationists are strong proponents of these arguments; rather than acknowledging the†¦show more content†¦Some creationists argue that species can change within a population but do not evolve into new species. (Transition?) There have been many experiments performed to demonstrate this, but the level of hybridization is never completely brought down to zero; although this level steadily approaches zero, this is enough for opposition from creationists. If humans could live for thousands of years, maybe the demonstration of total lack of hybridization could occur. With this information in mind, the question remains: what defines â€Å"too much† hybridization to indicate no speciation (p. 13)? Rogers fails to address the actual definition of a species, which has not yet been plausible; the species concept is debated and overlapping. Rogers clearly states that he does not want to address this issue, only the issue of change within already defined species (p. 6). The definition of a species is context dependent, yet many scientists still attempt to define it in black and white. This debate, although extensive, is an interesting subject in which to gain a new perspective; there is no scientific doubt that species change, but the actual timing of speciation is an ongoing inquiry. The opinion of Alan Rogers would have made a reputable contribution to this debate. After having detailed evidence provided against their initial argument, creationists made an attempt to accommodate evolutionary theory. â€Å"Progressive†Show MoreRelatedSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 PagesLane Keller (TB) A Friendly Introduction to Numerical Analysis,Brian Bradie (ISM) A Guide to International Financial Reporting Standards, 3rd Edition_Belverd E. Needles, Marian Powers (SM+TB) A Guide to Modern Econometrics, 4th Edition_Marno Verbeek (SM) A History of Modern Psychology, 10th Edition _ Duane P. Schultz, Sydney Ellen Schultz ( IM+TB) A Microscale Approach to Organic Laboratory Techniques, 5th Edition _Donald L. Pavia, George S. Kriz, Gary M. Lampman, Randall G. Engel (IM) A PeopleRead MoreArchaeology Notes19985 Words   |  80 PagesW.S. NDIIRI | 1/4/2012 | | Table of Contents Definition of Terms 3 Fossils in Geological Context 5 The Earth in the Cenozoic 11 Origins of Primates 17 The Basis for Human Evolution 23 Origins of the Genus Homo 28 Origins of Modern Humans†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 32 Behavior and Evolution of Early Hominines†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦39 African Pre- Historic Art†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.49 Definition of Terms Angular torus a thickened bonyRead MoreEffectiveness of Fiscal Policy as a Stabilization Tool9769 Words   |  40 PagesThe Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy as Stabilization Policy Alan J. Auerbach University of California, Berkeley July 2005 This paper was presented at the Bank of Korea International Conference, The Effectiveness of Stabilization Policies, Seoul, May 2005. I am grateful to my discussants, Takatoshi Ito and Chung Mo Koo, and other conference participants for comments on an earlier draft. I. Introduction Perspectives among economists on the usefulness of fiscal policy as a device for macroeconomicRead MoreWhat Has Been The Effect Of Globalization On Terrorism?.3382 Words   |  14 Pageseffect of globalization on Terrorism? The aggravation of global problems at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries has become a distinctive aspect of the present stage of the development of the world community. Global problems largely determine today s features of international relations and the main directions of world politics. One of the key global problems that international community currently faces is international terrorism. A lively discussion about the growing influence of globalization onRead MoreThe Evolution of Indian Accounting Standards: Its History and Current Status with Regard to International Financial Reporting Standards5318 Words   |  22 Pagesincreasingly attempting to provide this transparency by revisions and additions to accounting standards, and by Exposure Drafts which aim to bring India more in line with International Financial Reporting Standards. The focus of this paper is on the evolution of these Indian Accounting Standards. 2. Literature review In order to effectively review the literature with regards to harmonization of accounting standards in general, it is deemed appropriate to first examine the International AccountingRead MoreRosalind Krauss - Photographys Discursive Spaces9350 Words   |  38 Pagescoherent recession along an intelligibly horizontal plane retreating towards a definite horizon. The geological data of the tufa domes had to be grounded, coordinated, mapped. As shapes afloat on a continuous, vertical plane, they would have been ~ s e l e s s . ~ And the photograph? Within what discursive space does it operate? Aesthetic discourse as it developed in the nineteenth century organized itself increasingly around what could be called the space of exhibition. Whether public museum, officialRead MoreSports17369 Words   |  70 PagesDates 3. Student profile 4. A suggested invitation for a sportscaster speaker Designed for teachers, this section is suggestive only, and is open to input—as is, in fact, th is whole project. Your responses are encouraged, and I wish you well in your analysis of and/or career in sportscasting. Chapter 1 Introduction to Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting Exercise 1.1: Your Definition/Description of Sportscasting We all have our own experiences with the subject of sportscasting. Tell aboutRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management20711 Words   |  83 PagesCRM when deployed effectively helps organization to focus directly on customer and succeed in customer-centric environment. The concept of customer relationship management (later referred as CRM) is not very old. It originated from the early 1990’s because of the emerging demands in the world (Ling and Yen, 2001; Xu et al., 2002). The roots of customer relationship management can be seen in relationship marketing by which long-term profitability can be achieved through a shift from transaction-basedRead MoreSports17363 Words   |  70 PagesDates 3. Student profile 4. A suggested invitation for a sportscaster speaker Designed for teachers, this section is suggestive only, and is open to input—as is, in fact, this whole project. Your responses are encouraged, and I wish you well in your analysis of and/or career in sportscasting. Chapter 1 Introduction to Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting Exercise 1.1: Your Definition/Description of Sportscasting We all have our own experiences with the subject of sportscasting. Tell about yoursRead MoreCorporate Identity10953 Words   |  44 Pagescirculated for discussion purposes only. Their contents should be considered to be preliminary. The papers are expected to be published in due course, in a revised form and should not be quoted without the author’s permission. W O R K I N G PA P E R S E R I E S BRITISH AIRWAYS AND BALMER’S AC3ID TEST OF CORPORATE BRAND MANAGEMENT Professor John M. T. Balmer Professor of Corporate Identity Bradford School of Management Emm Lane Bradford West Yorkshire BD9 4JL England U.K. and Dr Helen Stuart Lecturer

An Analysis of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Internet Banking

Question: Analyse the strengths and weaknesses of Internet banking. Answer: Research Title: An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of Internet banking. The aim of the study will be to find out the advantages and challenges faced in the use of internet banking by users. Research Model In order to collect the information about internet banking use from the previous research works, a literature review will be conducted for the research work (Saunders et al 2009). In this section, the report of the previous research works will be analyzed. In the area of data collection, both of the primary and secondary data will be collected. In order to collect the primary data, the sample population will consist of users of internet banking. The secondary data will be collected from peer reviewed journal articles, research reports and annual reports of some selected banks providing internet banking facilities (Harrison and Reilly, 2011). Survey Questionnaires: Survey questionnaires will be designed with some simple closed ended questions about the use of internet banking. The questions will be formed to find out the reason behind choosing internet banking by the users. The respondents will be asked to answer about the potential advantages they are getting from the use of internet banking. They will be also asked about the challenges they are facing in this area. The survey will be conducted through an online platform. The questionnaires will be distributed to the respondents via email. They will answer the questions and send the questionnaires through e-mail. Secondary Research: The secondary research of the research work will collect qualitative data from the research reports and peer reviewed journals available in the area of use of internet banking. Some popular banks which are providing internet banking facilities to their customers will be selected as the sample population for secondary data collection (Klassenet al. 2012). The annual reports of the banks will be analyzed for understanding as to how they are getting advantages of internet banking and what are the challenges they are facing in their business while using internet banking. Key issues in e-banking strengths and weaknesses: the case of two Jordanian banks. Citation: Shannak, R.O., 2013. Key issues in e-banking strengths and weaknesses: the case of two Jordanian banks.European Scientific Journal,9(7). Research Question: What are strengths and weaknesses of the internet banking faced by the two selected banks? Methodology: This research was an explanatory research work. It was conducted by focusing on different topics of internet banking found by different researchers. The topics were analyzed from different angles on order to find out the pros and cons of internet banking. The information about internet banking concepts and different types of advantages and disadvantages were collected from the research reports of different countries, but the main data of this research study was collected from the internet banking industry of Jordan. The data collection methods used in the research study included interview, questionnaires and the review of previous literatures. Interviews were conducted with executives of local banks and survey questionnaires were used to collect feedbacks of internet banking among users. Findings: The findings of the research report is indicating that most of the internet banking users of the two case banks have preferred this service as very good from the aspect of the time and efficiency. The time and effort needed for the bank account handling in the internet banking is less than the manual banking works. The bank perspective was also considered in this research study and it has been found that the banks are also getting a lot of advantages in the area of handling the bank transactions. As per the findings of this research study, almost 70% of the internet banking users preferred this as a good banking service. The transactions of the internet banking are easy to copy, transfer or store than the paper based transactions. While conducting the paper based transactions, only two parties can be involved in the transaction, but in the case of online transactions, many parties can be involved in one transaction. Internet banking is associated with some government rules and regulations. The banks have to maintain the legislations for internet banking of the country in which they are working. As per the research findings, the main challenge of internet banking is the phishing sites and hackers. Critical Analysis: The research work was conducted in the context of two Jordanian banks which are using internet banking transactions. The true facts about the use of internet banking were found in this research work. After analyzing the report of this research work, it can be concluded that the common people are getting a lot of extra facilities with the use of internet banking. The banks are also getting the scope of easily handling their business in order to achieve a high level of growth in their business. The data handling through the online process is much easier than the manual handling. The scope of corporate work through the use of the internet banking is providing a smoother platform for conducting the banking business (Nasri and Charfeddine 2012). The main challenges faced in this research study are the government legislations and hackers. The online banking business has some special legislation and the banks have to maintain these. The whole area of the internet is affected by the hackers. Internet banking has a high risk of unauthentic transactions via the phishing sites and hackers. Many internet banking users have faced the problem of hacking of online bank accounts and then stealing their money from their bank accounts through unauthentic transactions. systematic review ofInternet bankingadoption Citation: Hanafizadeh, P., Keating, B.W. and Khedmatgozar, H.R., 2014. A systematic review of Internet banking adoption.Telematics and informatics,31(3), pp.492-510. Research Question: What are the causes of adopting internet banking services by the users and what are the advantages they are getting from the use of the internet banking? Methodology: It was a descriptive research work and the previous peer reviewed journal articles were analyzed for completing the research work. The online libraries were used for searching the previous research papers. 187 peer reviewed journals were searched for the research study. After analyzing the topics of the searched journals, 165 journal articles were chosen for conducting the research study. The finding and analysis of the research work were analyzed for finding the answer of the research question of this research study. The different components of internet banking and the different types of services provided by internet banking were investigated in this research work. Findings: As per the findings of the research work, the use of internet banking has increased at a high rate. The technology has grown to an advanced level in the past few years and these have given a lot of advantages in the use of the internet banking services. The perceived risks of internet banking have also reduced to a lower level with the use of new innovative protection tools of information technology. The growth of the business of internet banking industry has been analyzed from the year of 1999 to 2012. It has been found that the growth of this industry has increased rapidly and the growth per year has also increased. The growth of internet users has also been analyzed in this research paper and it has been found that the number of general internet users has also increased in the past few years. This is also a big reason for the growth of internet banking users. Critical Analysis: The business of the internet banking industry is totally dependent on the use of innovative technologies in information technology. The area of information technology is facing new technical advantages day by day. This is the main cause of the rapid growth of internet banking business. The customers are obtaining better advantages from the usage internet banking through new technical development. This is affecting the customer satisfaction rate positively in the area of the internet banking use. One of the major challenges of using internet banking is the proper awareness about internet handling. The findings of this research has shown that the number of internet users have increased to a higher level. This is indicating that the internet facilities are becoming easier for the normal people. The availability of internet is one of the major causes for high growth of internet banking use by normal people. The awareness about the advantages and security issues are also increasing and influencing the growth of the internet banking industry. The high rate of growth of internet banking as found in the research paper is indicating that this industry will be able to continue the rate of growth in the future as well (Martins et al. 2014). Customers perception on usage of internet banking Citation: Srivastava, R.K., 2007. Customer's perception on usage of internet banking.Innovative Marketing,3(4), pp.66-72. Research Question: What the customers or the users of the internet banking are thinking about regarding internet banking? Methodology: The methodology used in this research work was the qualitative research work. Questionnaires were used for collecting the data about the perception of target population. The pilot testing was used for deep understanding of the data collected from the survey questionnaires. In order to identify the target population of the research work, the screening was done before distributing the questionnaires. The screening was conducted to identify the people using the internet facilities. The target sample population of the research work was 665 customers using internet banking. The researchers were able to collect the feed backs of 500 customers among the targeted 665 customers. Findings: The findings of the research study state that even though bank customers are using internet banking, a high percentage of them are not satisfied with the services of internet banking. The main problem behind the dissatisfaction of customers is the lack of trust in internet banking. According to this research report, the customers of internet banking are using the services for some advantages such as time and consistency, but they are not happy with the service charges of the schemes. Critical Analysis: In this research work, the common challenge of internet using has been identified. The challenge is the limited security of online accounts. Most of the respondents of this research report have mentioned that they are not able to fully trust the internet banking services. This happens due to internet hackers. In the past few years, many examples of online account hacking and money stealing have been found. These are also affecting the customers (Kesharwani and Singh Bisht 2012). The people of the present world have become very busy so time is the most important component of their lives. Therefore, the reduced number of transactions through internet banking has become the most important advantage. The customers are using the services for the potential advantages but the banks are charging very high charges for internet banking facilities. This is an important factor for client dissatisfaction in the area of internet banking. It can be said that the internet banking sector can face huge level growth in the near future if the banks will be able to reduce the service charges for the online transactions through internet banking. Internet banking loyalty: evaluating the role of trust, satisfaction, perceived risk and frequency of use Citation: Aldas-Manzano, J., Ruiz-Mafe, C., Sanz-Blas, S. and Lassala-Navarr, C., 2011. Internet banking loyalty: evaluating the role of trust, satisfaction, perceived risk and frequency of use.The Service Industries Journal,31(7), pp.1165-1190. Research Question: What components of the internet banking affect customer loyalty and satisfaction and what are the potential risks of internet banking use? Methodology: Survey method was used in the research work for collecting the data. The research was conducted by gathering feedbacks from 20 customers of internet banking and 20 financial experts who are working in the area of the internet banking. The survey was conducted through the online platform. Online survey questionnaires were developed with some close ended questions. The respondents were able to give their responses by clicking on the radio buttons against the answers to the questions. Same questionnaire was used for collecting the feedbacks of the respondents and after collecting the data, statistical analysis of the data was done in order to find out the outcomes of the research study. Findings: According to the findings of the research study, the main cause of using the services of the internet banking was to avoid the queue at the bank. Through the use of internet banking, the users are able to complete banking related tasks with a click from anywhere at any time. In this research study, the common problem of internet banking was found again. The problem is about security risks. It has been found that due to the high risk regarding safety of online bank accounts, the frequency of using this service is low. As per the data collected from financial experts, the psychology of common people about security issues of internet banking is affecting customer loyalty and satisfaction rate. They are saying that the security risks have been reduced to a lower level at the present time but the people are still in fear of these issues for the psychological trends. Fear of security issues can be decreased by increasing the use of the services. Critical Analysis: The findings of this research study are also indicating the time effectiveness of the internet banking. Conducting the banking operations by going to the branch is too hectic and the time management for these works is also difficult for the busy people of the present world. These are the main reasons behind customer loyalty of the internet banking sector. The same risk is identified in this research paper i.e., about the security issues (Yousafzai and Yani-de-Soriano 2012). The customers are not satisfied by the services of internet banking and the frequency of using the services is hampered due to security issues. The environment is not as the same as before, but is more developed with a much better platform for internet banking use. Even though the banks are using stricter security components for resisting unauthentic transactions or account hacking issues, the customers are still feeling unsafe due to the fear of a less secure platform. This can be avoided with the increased use of internet banking facilities. In the area of success rate of hackers, an important fact is the unawareness about appropriate handling of the online bank accounts. This can be minimized by proper use of online accounts and some safety measures taken from the users end (Zavarehet al. 2012). he determinants of satisfaction with e-banking Citation: Libana-Cabanillas, F., Munoz-Leiva, F. and Rejn-Guardia, F., 2013.The determinants of satisfaction with e-banking.Industrial Management Data Systems,113(5), pp.750-767. Research Question: What is the effective way of providing effective level of customer satisfaction in internet banking sector? Methodology: In order collect the information about the different components of internet banking, the review of the past research works conducted in this area was done. The data were collected from this area of only one bank. Due to the research limitation, the researchers took only one bank as the sample population for this research work. Data were collected by conducting survey among the users of internet banking facilities of the selected bank. The sample size of the population selected for the survey of research work was not very small. The sample population of customers was 946. Among the total population, 634 were male customers and the remaining 314 customers were female customers of the bank, using the internet banking facilities provided by the bank. The survey was conducted in an online manner and the data was analyzed using the tools of statistical analysis. The data analysis has been completed with the help of some hypothesis developed at the initial level of the research work. The hy potheses were compared with the collected data from the review papers. Each of the hypotheses was tested for the validity and for achieving the conclusion of the research study. Findings: As per the findings of the research study, the accessibility of the information from internet banking has increased the ease of use of the service. The accessibility and the usefulness of the e-banking facilities are the reasons for increased trust and satisfaction among customers. According to the hypothesis of the research work, the ease of use, customer satisfaction, usefulness and trust are interconnected. The findings of the research study indicating the hypotheses are true. The research study has identified the fact that the frequent use of internet banking facilities and the advance tools of this banking strategy has given a lot of advantages to customers. The customer satisfaction rate among the customers of the bank taken for the research is very high. The trust and satisfaction rate of the customers are dependent on the perceived risks of using internet banking. Critical Analysis: The advance technical platform of the internet banking is providing high level of advantages to the customers. The same challenge of internet banking has been found again in the research report. The challenge is about the perceived risks of online money transaction. Use of the internet baking has increased to a very high level but the customers are still in the fear of reduced security issues. The customer satisfaction rate is dependent on the amount of the perceived risks of online account handling (Zhu and Chen 2012). The customer satisfaction is also dependent on the management of the bank which is providing the facilities of online banking. The satisfaction rates of customers from all banks are not same. The bank selected for this research work has a high level of customer satisfaction. The risk regarding online money transaction and online account hacking can be minimized by taking positive steps towards management of the bank such as developing more secure network for the internet banking and use of the advanced software for protecting the hacking and viruses (Chiou and Shen 2012). Conclusion: The details of the proposed research model and the key ideas behind the research work have been discussed in this report. The drafts literature review has been developed for finding the different types of use of the internet banking and the potential advantages and disadvantages of this service. Reports of the previous research works have been used for this purpose. The online library facility and Google scholar have been used for finding the previous research report. The literature review has helped a lot to understand the use of internet banking. After completing this literature review, it can be concluded that the most important advantage of the internet banking is the faster access regardless the place and time and the most important challenge is the internet threads and hackers. However, further study of this research work may open some new facts regarding the use of the internet banking. Reference: Akturan, U. and Tezcan, N., 2012. 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